Sanyo DE User Manual download pdf (Page 7)

ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGY SUPER ABSORPTION

160

150

140

100

5101520253035

Time(minutes)

Steam consumption

control for 10 minutes

Steam consumption ratio

Steam consumption ratio(%)

Temperature of high temp. generator(°C)

Temperature of

high temperature generator

100

★--13 ★+2★★--4

(Variable from 20°C to 33°C)

Maximum input(%)

Cooling water inlet temperature(°C)

High temperature generator safety control

When the temperature of the high temperature generator is higher

than a

certain temperature level, the steam consumption is controlled to

sustain safe

operation.

Expansion of safety operating zone

This ensures quick response to rapid changes and maintains stable

operation.

Safety operating zone is between 19°C and 34°C of cooling water

temperature. (In case cooling inlet water temperature is 32°C)

Crystallization protection

Microprocessor observes the absorbent concentration. Steam supply is

stopped and the unit is recovered to the normal operation when the con-

centration is over certain limit, to prevent the crystallization of absorbent.

Space saving by compact design

With the high performance heat transfer tubes, weight and size is re-

duced by 10% of the previous C model.

The absorption cycle

The absorption cooling cycle, like the compression refrigeration cycle, uti-

lizes the latent heat of evaporation of a refrigerant to remove heat from the

entering chilled water. The compression refrigeration system uses a chlorine

based refrigerant and a compressor to transport the refrigerant vapor to be

condensed in the condenser. The absorption system, however, uses water

as the refrigerant and an absorbent to absorb the vaporized refrigerant. Heat

is then applied to the solution to release the refrigerant vapor from the absor-

bent. The refrigerant vapor is then condensed in the condenser.

The basic absorption cycle (see Figure 1) involves generator, condenser,

evaporator and absorber with refrigerant (liquid) and lithium bromide as the

working solutions. The generator utilizes a heat source (burner, steam or hot

water) to vaporize the diluted lithium bromide solution. The water vapor that

is released travels to the condenser where it is condensed back into a liquid,

transferring the heat to the cooling tower water. Once condensed, the liquid

refrigerant is distributed over the evaporator tubes, removing the heat from

the chilled water and vaporizing the liquid refrigerant. The concentrated lithium

bromide solution from the generator passes into the absorber, absorbs the

refrigerant vapor solution from the evaporator and dilutes itself. The diluted

lithium bromide solution is then pumped back to the generator where the

cycle is started again.

Condenser

Liquid

refrigerant

Cooling

water

Concentrated

solution

Chilled water

Cooling water

Evaporator

Absorbent pump

Heat source

Generator

Absorber

Refrigerant vapor

Figure 1. Simplified absorption cycle

The generator section is divided into a high temperature generator and a low

temperature generator. The refrigerant vapor produced by the high tempera-

ture generator is used to heat the LiBr solution in the low temperature gen-

erator in which the pressure (hence the boiling point) is lower. Thus the heat

of condensation is effectively utilized.

As mentioned in the single effect type, the refrigerant vapor produced by the

low temperature generator is sent to the condenser to become liquid refriger-

ant. On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor produced by the high tempera-

ture generator turns to water as it releases heat to the intermediate LiBr

solution. This happens inside the heat transfer tubes in the low temperature

generator. The refrigerant vapor produced by both low and high temperature

generators turns to refrigerant liquid and mixes in the condenser before re-

turning to the evaporator.

Figure 2. Double effect absorption cycle

Cooling

water

Heat source

Liquid

refrigerant

Chilled water

Condenser

Refrigerant vapor

Hight temperature

generator

Evaporator

Absorbent pump

Absorber

Diluted solution

Cooling water

Concentrated

solution

Intermediate

solution

Low temperature

generator

Figure 3. Detail of generator

Refrigerant vapor to condenser

Refrigerant vapor

Heat source

Diluted solution

Concentrated solution

Condensed

refrigerant

Intermediate solution

Low temperature generator

High temperature generator

Graph 8. Safety control chart

Graph 9. Safety operating chart

Double effect type

Together with the cooling water safety control and absorbent crystallization

pro-

tection control, the safety operating zone is broadened.

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Sanyo DE User Manual Page 7

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